One corner is sagged in the above fabricated model,
unlike
its ideal form:
Above is a cube with 27 compartments, each of which
contains a smaller hollow cube. The windows are openings into tunnels
which let you see all the way through. It makes a very nice
one-of-a-kind rattle.
Below is a cut-away view, to show nine of the smaller cubes on the
inside. This project is by Jian (Jay) Pan.
Above is a 3D maze by Michael Nachreiner. We
accidentally made it too small at first---unscaled as a 1 inch cube. It
is designed so a ball can go in one side, travel a winding
path, and come out the other side. Below is a cut away view, near the
middle of its
7-by-7-by-7 cubical structure. There are small openings in all the
walls, so you can see everwhere into the interior to locate the
ball. Only some of the openings are a larger size, for the ball
to pass through.
A path of the large openings connects the large opening at the center
of
one exterior wall with another large opening opposite it.
The larger version (about 2.5 inches for each edge)
came out very well. A 1/8 inch ball bearing runs throuigh it
nicely, but I haven't solved it end-to-end yet:
Next is a nicely ornamented hollow
ball by Jian (Jay) Pan. There is a calibration error in the machine,
which stretched it somewhat in the
vertical direction. So it is slightly prolate, like an egg. It
contains within it a similar smaller hollow ball.
Below is a cut-away view of it, showing a cross-section, some of the
inner wall, and the inner ball. This makes clear
that it is designed to be spherical.
Still queued up to be built is a "Sierpinski
tetrahedron".
The file for this was produced from code written
by Thomas Lai, using an algorithm I proposed. This took many tries. We
first tried for the fifth-level version shown
below. Because there are thin parts, the machine's slicing algorithm
would sometimes completely miss a layer where the thin members "fall
between the pixels" of a slice. If we had built it with that
problem, the result would have fallen apart as if sliced. So we
had to modify the parameters quite a few times.
Here is a third-level version, showing some partially
missing slices at the bottom. Numerical problems in the FDM machine's
software causes this, but enough of the structure remains that it holds
together.
This next one is a gearbox by Michael
Nachreiner. It is built with four movable parts. Each exterior
wheel and handle is connected to a gear on the inside. You can see two
of the gears meshing through this hole in the top:
Below is a cut-away view
to show the four internal gears. It is tricky to know how much
clearance to leave between the parts when designing something like
this. With too little clearance, the
parts would fuse together, and with too much clearance the mechanism is
wobbly. We erred on the side of slightly wobbly. Everything
works, but the teeth can also disengage. Nonetheless, I think it is
very cool!
Acknowledgments: Thank you to Prof. Imin Kao
of the Mechanical Engineering department for access to the Stratasys
3000 machine we are using to fabricate these objects, and to Joo Hoon
Choi for
processing the files and running the FDM machine for us.